Phonograph



Dec. 10, 1946. CARSON ETAL 2,412,441

PHONOGRAPH I 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed July 28, 1959 Snnentons aavJw/v ,6. me a/v m/v r J; 4

anal-mg Dec. 10, 1946. RaCARSQN L- .7 2,4125441 PHONOGRAPH Filed July 28, 1939 '9 Sheets-Sheet 2 Gttorneg B. CARSON ETAL 2, ,4 1

Dec. 10, 1946.

PHONOGRAPH 9 SheetsSheet' 3 Filed July 28, 1939 Dec. 10, 1946. B, R. CARSON ETAL 2,412,441

PHONOGRAPH Filed'July 28, 1959 9 Sheets-She et 4 Dec. 10, 1946.

B. R. CARSON ET AL PHONOGRAPH Filed July 28, 1959 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Q 10, 5- B. R. CARS-ON ET AL I PHON OGRAPH Filed July 28 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet e Dec. 10,1946. 1B. R. C RSON Em 2,412,441

PHONOGRAPH Filed July 28,1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 5,0 & mvura/wa/w/a 0 'Dec. 10, 1946. B. R. cARsN ET'AL PHONOGRAPH Filed July 28, 1959 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 lnoemorg B. R. CARSON ET AL PHONOGRAPH Filed July 28, 1939 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 Ihwento Patented Dec. 10, 1946 PHONOGRAPH Benjamin E. Carson, Haddonfield, and Knut J. Magnusson, Merchantville, N. J., assignors to Radio Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware Application July 28, 1939, Serial No. 286,988

18 Claims.

This invention relates to phonographs, and more particularly to an automatic phonograph of the type wherein a plurality of records are supported above the turntable to be successively lowered onto the turntable for playing, the present invention being an improvement upon that disclosed and claimed in the copending application of Benjamin B. Carson, Serial No. 246,299, filed December 17, 1938, now Patent No. 2,280,685, granted April 21, 1942 and assigned to Radio Corporation of America.

In the aforesaid application,.there is disclosed an automatic phonograph of the type mentioned above wherein records of only one size can be played automatically. To play records of a larger size, it is necessary to make certain adjustments of the apparatus, and even then, the larger records can only be played manually.

' whether the lowermost record is a 10" record The primary object of our present invention is to provide an improved phonograph of the type specified which may be operated automatically to reproduce a plurality of records of either small diameter, or of large diameter, or of mixed diameters arranged at random in the stack, the machine to play the entire stack of records without interruption and without attention on the part of the user after having once been set into operation.

More particularly, it is an object of our present invention to provide an improved automatic phonograph as aforesaid which will incorporate means for effecting the release and transfer of each successive lowermost record of the stack to the turntable regardless of the'diameter of the record.

Another object of our present invention is to provide an improved phonograph as aforesaid which, when arranged to play records of mixed diameters indiscriminately, will operate to accurately locate the sound reproducing instrumentality at the starting point of each new record regardless of its diameter.

It is also an object of our present invention to provide an improved phonograph as aforesaid which will insure the transfer of only one record at a time from the stack to the turntable regardless of variations in thickness of the records of the stack.

Another object of our present invention is to provide an improved automatic phonograph as aforesaid which will handle warped records without any diificulty.

A further object of our present invention is to provide an improved phonograph of the type described which is very compact, extremely acor a 12" record, the shelves will be able to support the entire stack.

Overlying the supporting shelves on each of the posts are record separating members also carried by the posts and provided with knife edges which are adapted to enter between the lowermost record of the stack and the next highest one as the posts are rotated. These separating members support the remaining records of the stack while the lowermost one is permitted to drop onto the turntable after the posts have rotated through an angle sufficient to enable the record supporting shelves to clear the lowermost record.

It is well known that 12" records are somewhat thicker than 10" records, and also that records of a given diameter are not absolutely uniform in thickness. Accordingly, it is necessary to make the record separating members adjustable so that they can be accommodated to records of different thicknesses while the posts rotate. This is accomplished, according-to our invention, by making the record separating members adjustable toward and away from the supporting shelves and by controlling the adjustment in two ways. In the first adjustment, should the knife edges of the separators strike the edge of a record, the posts will, as they begin to rotate at the proper point in the automatic cycle, effect a slight camming action on the record separators to raise them slightly with respect to the record supporting shelves until the knife edges on the separators have reached the plane of contact between the two lowermost records, whereupon the knife edges are free to be wedged in between the records and thus separatethem. The other adjustment is accomplished by means extending through the record supporting shelves which are engaged by 12" records but not by 10 records, the engagement of the last named means by the larger records serving to effect a substantial raising of the separator members relative to in a position such that it is clear of the edge of a record as the record drops down onto the turntable. However, the lever has a cam thereon which lies in the path of movement of. a 12" record and which is engaged by the edge of. the

larger record as it drops down onto the turntable. This cams the lever to a position where it controls the return of the sound reproducing instrumentality to the 12" position. In this way, the proper starting point of the needle for each suc- The needle locating mecha- Figure 12 is a'sectional view taken on the plane of the line X[IXII in Fig. 1,

Figure 13 is a plan view of one of the record supporting posts showing, in detail, the record wherein similar reference characters designate is preferably; of the type fully disclosed and cessive record is roperly determined. If desired,

the mechanism may also be provided with means for presetting the 12" landing position of the needle so that, when only 12 records are played, the aforesaid pivoted lever and the mechanism controlled thereby neednot be availed of to insure the proper landing of the needle on the larger records.

The novel features that we consider characteristic of our invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims.

tional objects and advantages thereof, will best be understood from the following description of a specific embodiment, when read in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of our improved phonograph set to play 10" records automatically and with the parts in the position at the beginning of playing of a record,

Figure 2 is a sectional View taken along the plane of the line II--II in Fig. 1,

Figure 3-is a View similar to Fig. 1, but showing the position of the parts immediately after the record changing portion of the automatic cycle I has been initiated,

Figure 4 is a similar view showing the position of the parts at the time when a new 10" record is released from the stack to permit it to drop onto the turntable, 1 Figure 5 is a similar view showing the position of the parts approximately half way through the record changing cycle,

Figure 6 is'a View similar to Fig. 4, but showing the position of the parts when a 12" record is released from the stack for dropping onto the turntable,

Figure '7 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 1, but showing the position of the'parts at the start of a 12" record, I

Figure 8 is a fragmentary detail view showing the position of certain parts when the mechanism is set for manual operation,

Figure 9 is a similar view, but showing the "position of the parts when they have been moved to reject position,

Figure 10 is a detail view of the mechanism for controlling the landing position of the needle with the parts in the 10" landing position,

Figure 11 is a similar View, but with the parts in the 12" landing position,

The invention itself, however, both as to its organization and method of operation, together with addicorrespondingparts throughout, we have shown a motor board I or the like to which is secured a motor plate 3 carrying a motor 5 which, through a flexible couplingl, drives a turntable spindle 9 carried by a second plate H. The coupling l tinuously drives a gear ll, the latter gear acting as a control device for eifecting operation of the parts to carry out a cycle of automaticoperations, the gear I 7 being rotatably mounted on the plate H and supporting a cam member is on the underside thereof. The cam member ['9 is somewhat oval shaped and is provided with a downwardly extending peripheral flange 2| formed with an opening 23 therein for a purpose hereinafter more fully described. Within the space-defined by the flange 2| is a cam plate 25 having a portion 25a, extending through the opening 23 and being formed to provide a cam track 2}? between its periphery and the flange Zl. The'oontrol cam I9 and its cam plate 25 are fixed relative to each other and are also fixed to the control gear I! so that they will all rotate in unison and so that the flange 2! and the periphery of the camplate 25 will function as cams relative to the axis of rotation of the control gear ll.

Pivoted to the plate H on a post 29 is an actuating member 3! comprising a lever having four lateral extensions 3la, 31 b, Slc and 31d, as well as two oppositely extending arms 3k; and 35 A roller 33 is mounted on the arm am for cooperation, as a cam follower, with the cam track 4 21 whereby the cam member is and its cam plate 25 are adapted to impart rotation to the actuating lever 3| about the pivot 29. Atthe appropriate point in the automatic cycle, the roller 33 is caused to enter into the cam track 2'! through the opening 23 to the right of the extension 25a (Fig.' 1) and during the first half normal position. The actuating lever 31 is then held in its rest position by means of a coil spring 35 which surrounds a toggle member 31 slotted at its ends. One of the slotted ends of the toggle member 31 is received in a groove on a post 39 V which is fixed to the plate II, and the other end thereof is received in the groove of a second post 4| carried by the arm 3Ia of the actuating lever, the spring 35 acting between a pair of washers 43 which bear against the posts 39 and 4|. When the actuating lever 3| is in its rest position, the posts 39 and 4| lie on a straight line to one side of the pivot point 29 of the actuating lever 3 I, whereby the spring 35 is eifective, as an over-center spring, to insure holding the actuating lever in its normal position. At this time, also, the spring 35 is compressed. During the first half of the record changing cycle (that is, while the actuating lever 3| moves from the position shown in Fig. l to the position shown in Fig. 5), the post 4| has moved to a position such that the straight line joining the posts 39 and 4| lies on the other side of the pivot 29, and the spring 35 has gradually expanded to assist moving the actuating lever 3| counter-clockwise At the same time, it insures contact of the roller 33 with the cam plate 25 during the last half of the cycle because the toggle member 37 is now on a line lying on the other side of the pivot 29. A rubber block 45 fixed to the plate I I is engaged by the post 4| when the actuating lever 3| has returned to rest position and takes up the shock of the lever 3|.

Pivoted to the under side of the plate II on a post 47 is a cable lever 49 having an offset portion which receives an eye bolt 5| to which one end of a coil spring 53 is secured. A cable 55, having one end thereof secured to the other end of the spring 53, passes around a guide roller or pulley 51 mounted on a bracket 59 and through an opening in the plate I I. being secured at its other end to a pickup arm or the like support 6| having a sound reproducing instrumentality or sound translating device 63 thereon which carries a reproducing needle 65.

The cable lever 49 is provided with a cam edge 49a which first has a short, rapid rise with respect to the pivot 41 to approximately the point A (Fig. 1) and thereafter continues along an arc 59. Upstanding from the lever arm 3Ia is a pin 61 which, during reproduction of a record, occupies a position spaced from the cam edge 49a, as clearly shown in Fig. 1. As soon, however, as the lever 3| begins its initial counter-clockwise rotation under the influence of means hereinafter described, the pin 61 engages the cam edge 49a and rotates the cable lever 49 in a counter-clockwise direction rather rapidly. This first causes the lever 49 to take up the tension in the spring 53 and the slack in the cable 55, and then to exert a pull on the pickup arm 6| to quickly raise the pickup 63 above the played record. By this i ing 'II on the plate I I and extending through the bushing 'II below the plate II, the bushing 'II and the post 69 being inclined from the Vertical about three degrees toward the turntable i3. Secured to the lower end of the post 99 is a collar I3 (see Fig. 12) from which extends an arm I5 connected by means of a link I! to a plate 'I9'pivotally mounted on a post 8| which is secured to the plate II. The plate I9 has a downwardly extending pin 83 thereon which lies in the path of movement of the end of the arm 3Id of the actuating lever 3|. During the playing portion of a cycle (that is, while a record is being reproduced), the arm 3Id of the actuating lever is in the position shown in Fig. 1. However, immediately after the pickup 63 has been raised from the played record, as above described, continued movement of the actuating lever 3| in a counter-clockwise direction under the influence of the cam flange 2| brings the end of the lever arm 3Id into engagement with the pin 83 and causes the plate I9 to move clockwise about its pivot post 8|; This, in turn, causes the arm I5 to move counter-clockwise by reason'of the'pivoted link connection TI, whereby the pickup arm BI is moved counter-clockwise to a position clear of the turntable and the record stack, as shown in Fig. 4, the pickup arm 9| being retained in elevated position all this time by reason of the engagement ofthe pin 61 with the portion 59 of the cam edge 49a.

Pivotally mounted on a post 85 on the under side of the plate I I is a pickup arm locating lever 81, the lever 81 being constantly biased in a clockwise direction by means of a coil spring 89 fixed at one end to a pin 9| on the lever 81 and at its other end to a pin- 93 on the under side of the plate II. The purpose of the lever 81 is to determine the startingposition of the needle 65 when the pickup .arm 6| is subsequently returned and lowered onto the next succeeding record for playing.

Pivotally'mounted on the lever 81 is a detent lever which is constantly biased in a-clockwise direction relative to the lever 81 by means of a coil spring 91 having one end thereof around a pin 99 on the detent lever 95 and its other end around the pin IIlI on the lever 87. The detent lever 95 is provided with a U-shaped notch I03 and an adjacent cam edge I95 (see Figs. 4, 5 and 6) and the notch I93 is so located thereon that, when the detent lever 95 is in the position shown in Fig. 3, the left-hand edge of the notch I93 (as viewed) is spaced from the parallel edge of a toe 81c on the lever 81 a -distance suflicient to accommodate a downwardly extending pin III! on the plate I9. Normally, that is, during playing of a record, the arm 3Ic of the actuating lever 3| is in engagement with a pin I99 on the detent lever 95 to hold the detent lever in the position shown in Fig. 1. After the needle 95 has entered the record terminal groove and the actuating lever 3| begins its counter-clockwise movement, the arm 3Ic gradually recedes from the pin I99 and the spring 9'! pulls the detent lever into the position shown in Fig. 3, at which time the pin IilI stops further clockwise move ment of the detent lever 95 with respect to the lever 81. Upon continued movementof the actuating lever 3| in a counter-clockwise direction, the arm 3Id continues to rotate the plate I9 counter-clockwise causing the pin I91 to engage the cam edge I95 to cam the lever 95 back a little until the pin I97 passes the cam edge I95, whereupon the spring 91 pulls the detent lever 95 back to its extreme clockwise position, thereby trapping the pin I91 in the notch I93 between the left-hand side thereof and the edge of the toe or extension 810 on the lever 81. pickup arm 6| is then looked against movement radially inwardly of the turntable I3,'since the. lever arm 3|d is in engagement with the pin 83.

However, the pickup arm 6| is still free to move radiall outwardly of the record and, as the ac tuating lever 3| continues its counter-clockwise movement,the pickup arm BI is forced outwardly The to its extreme outward position beyond the pesition shown in Fig. 5, the cam plate 25 becomes effective to return the lever SI in a clockwise direction to its rest position. Since the spring 89 constantly pulls the lever 81 in a clockwise direction and the toe 810 is now in engagement with the pin I31, it is obvious that the lever 8'! will turn the plate I9 in a counter-clockwise direction about its pivot 8I to cause the pin 83 to follow the lever arm 3 Id. Eventually, when the lever 8'! is limited from further clockwise rotation by means shortly to be described, the lever arm 3Id recedes from the pin 83, while the lever arm 3Ic approaches and finally engages the pin I99 to force the detent lever 95 counter-clockwise about its pivot, until the detent lever 95 is moved clear of the pin Nil. The pickup arm @I then becomes free to move over the. record to reproduce the same, and the above described cycle is repeated when the needle eventually reaches the terminal groove of the new record.

Extending through a slot II I3 in the plate Il (Figs. 10 and 11) isa needle locating lever or post i I I having a cam edge I I3 thereon and pivotally mounted for movement in a plane normal to that of the turntable I3 on a pin H carried by a bracket H! which is secured to the plate I I. The post III is somewhat L'-shaped and at the end of the shorter arm of the L, it is formed with two arcuate steps H9 and I2I. Pivotally mounted on the shorter arm of the post III on a pin I23 is a lever I25 which has an offset extension .IZ'I at its free end, a spring I29 constantly biasing the lever I25 in a counter-clockwise direction and into engagement with a stop pin I3I.

The post'III is held in. either the position shown in Fig. or the position shownin Fig. ll by means of an overcenter spring I33. When the post III is in the position shown in Fig. 10,

the cam edge I I 3 is external to the path of movement of a 10', record as it is transferred to the turntable in a manner presently to be described, but in this position, it lies in the path of move- 'ment of a 12" record. Now, if a 10" record is dropped down onto the turntable to be played next, the post I I I remains in the position shown in Fig. 1%). During the first portion of the cycle,

the lever 8'! is moved counter-clockwise, as above described, and a pin I 35 'on the projectiontlb thereof rides past the extension I27 without engagingthe latter.

toward the spindle 9, and when it is subsequently lowered onto the record, it willland at the starting point of the 10 record.

Assume, now, that the dropped record is a 12 Thereafter, upon clockwise movement of the lever 3?,the leverB-I moves in;

. onto the turntable, the pickup 63 will be properly located thereon. vJust immediately prior to the edge will strike the extension 121, lift the lever I25 against'the action of the spring I29 sufficiently to pass under the extension I21, and eventually a engage the step IZI. Obviously, in such case, thelevertl will not have moved as far clockwise as it did in connection with a 10 record, and consequently the pickup arm will not have been moved in toward the spindle 9 as far as previously. Thus, whenthe pickup is later lowered onto the 12" record, it will properly'land at the starting groove thereof.

If the last played record is a 12" record and the succeeding record in the stack is a 10" 7 shown in Fig. 11 to the position shown in Fig. 10

so that, after the 10" record has dropped down release of the next succeeding record, the pin E35 strikes the lower end of the extension IZ'I 10. Thus, the mechanism is automatically, set

for the 10" starting position of the pickup. The action is the same whether the next record to be played is a 10" record or a 12? record. If

the next succeeding record is a 10" record, the locating post I II will remain in the position of Fig. 10. However, if the next record to be played is a 12" record, the latter will move the locating post II! back to the position of Fig. 11 as it drops past it, and thus the properstarting point therefor will be obtained. Y The records R, are stacked vertically above the turntable upon a pair of supporting posts I3! (Figs. 12 to 15) located at diametrically opposite points with respect to the turntable It, the

posts I31 being rotatably'recei'ved in bushings I39 fixed tothe plate II. Locked to the posts E31 by means of set screws MI are hubs IE3 to which are fixed and from which'extend record supporting shelves M5 upon which the vertically stacked records are supported. The upper ends of the hubs M3 are formed hollow and loosely receive hubs It? to which are secured. record separators I49 displaced from the shelves M5 both circumferentially and axially with respect to the posts I3? and each being formed with a knife M5911 terminating approximately adjacem the left-hand edge of the shelf I45, as-viewed in Fig. 13. Pivotally supported on adownwardly extending lug I lfia on each of the supporting shelves I is a leverISi which carries a pin i553 extending loosely through an opening, Iin the hub I43.

' which extends into an opening I5? in the hub record. This record will engage the cam edge a I I3 on the post II I and will force the post to the position shown in Fig. 11 as the record drops past it. The mechanism is sotimed that the record I25 and its extension I2 'I. Upon subsequent clockwise movement of the lever 81, the pin I35 tends IdI, the opening I5! being of considerably larger diameter than the reduced end ofthe pin I53and the pin I53 being in engagement withthe upper.

portion of the opening I57, so that the hub I41 'rests upon the pin. The supporting shelf M5 is formed'with an opening I46 through which exan adjustable, ball-tipped screw 459 threaded into the lever I 5!,the extent ofproj'ec tion of the ball tip-ofthe screw I59:throughthe opening I 36 being determined by a set screw I61 which isalso threaded into the lever. 5 5i and bears The pin E53 also hasja reduced end,

The oppositely extending arms 3Ie and 3If of v the main actuating lever 3'I carry pins I63 adjacent to their ends which are received in elongated slots I65 of a pair of slide bars I61. The slides I91 are formed with gear racks I99 which mesh with gears I1I formed on hubs I13, the hubs I13 being also formed with grooves which receive yoke members I15 secured to the slide bars I61 adjacent to their gear racks I39. The hubs I 19 are formed with slots I11 at their upper ends for the reception of pins I19 extending through the posts I31. It will be obvious, therefore, that, upon rotation of the main actuating lever 3|, the slide bars I61 will be moved first in one direction, and then in the opposite direction, to correspondingly rotate the gears HI and the posts I31 with the parts carried thereby.

Durin initial counter-clockwise movement of the main actuating lever 3I, and while the pickup is being raised from the record in the manner previously described, the pins I63 move in the slots I65 to take up the play afforded thereby and without any effect upon the slide bars I61. By the time the pickup has been raised from the played record and at approximately the time when the lever arm 3Id engages the pin 83, the pins I53 have reached the opposite ends of the slots I35 and the record supporting posts begin to rotate. As the posts rotate, the record supporting shelves I45 begin to slide under the lowermost record of the stack and the record separators I49 move toward the record stack, the knife edges I49a thereof seeking to enter between the lowermost record and the next upper one. The separators I49 are so adjusted with respect to the shelves I45 that the knife edges 149a thereof will engage the edge of the lowermost record. When this happens, further rotation of the separators I49 is temporarily prevented,'but since the pins I53 continue to rotate with the hubs I43 and the posts I31, the pins I53 will cam the separators I49 upwardly until the knife edges I49a are in a position to enter between the lowermost record of the stack and the next upper record, whereupon the separators 349 will slide in between the two lowermost records. Shortly thereafter, the trailing edges of the supporting shelves I45 (for example, the lefthand edge of the shelf I45 in Fig. 13) will clear the lowermost record, thereby freeing it to be dropped down along the spindle 9 which extends through the entire stack, and onto the previously played record on the turntable. If, as previously described, the released record is a 10" record,.

it will not strike the locating post III and the pickup willsubsequently automatically come to rest at the starting position thereof. Eventually, when the main actuating lever 3| begins its clockwise rotation, its pins I53 will push the slide bars I61 back to the position shown in Fig. 1 and thereby return the posts I31 to their normal position, the separators I49 sliding away from under the then lowermost record so that the entire 10 stack can drop down slightly onto the supporting shelves I45.

The screws I59 are so located with respect to the supporting shelves I that 10 records do not rest thereon. However, 12" records, which are usually thicker than 10" records, are of large enough diameter to engage the ball heads of the screws I59 and depress them. This causes the lovers 15I to move in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 14, to thereby raise the separators I49 and thereby automatically compensate for the greater thickness of the 12 record next to be released. It will be noted, however, that the tops of the openings I51 in the hubs I41 still rest upon the pins I53 so that the action of the separators will still be the same as previously described when attempting to enter between the then lowermost 12 record and the next higher record, regardless of whether the latter record is a 12" record or a 10" record. Upon being released from the stack in th manner previously described, the then lowermost 12" record will strike the locating post III in its descent toward the turntable, and the starting position of the pickup thereon will again be automatically determined by the mechanism and in the manner previously set forth.

After the entire repertoire has been played, it is necessary to remove the accumulated records from the turntable. To make this possible, it is necessary to remove the supportin shelves I45 from their normal, record stack supporting position. To do this, it is merely necessary to raise the posts I31 until their pins I19 clear the slots I11 in the bushings I13 and turn the posts through an angle such that the shelves I45 will clear the 12" records, thereby permittin removal of the accumulated records. operating the machine, it is, of course, necessary to reset the posts to the position shown in Fig. 12 with'their pins I19 back in the slots I11.

The weight of each of the hubs I41 and the separators I49 is normally sufiicient to insure engagement of the upper portion of the opening I51 with the pin I53 so that the action previously described will be insured. However, to further insure that this action will take place properly, a coil spring 18I may be placed around the upper end of the hub I41 and a C-washer or the like I83 secured to the upper end of the post I31. The spring I8I will then exert a force upon the hub I41 and thus press the latter against the pin I53. A cover I80, frictionally fitted onto the upper end of the hub I41, conceals the spring I8I and associated parts from view.

To effect the automatic cycle of operations heretofore described, there is provided a friction finger I95 fixed to a hub carried on the post 8|. A spring member I81 which comprises a pair of substantially parallel armsembraoing the hub of the friction finger I35 to frictionally grip the same is secured to the plate 19, the frictional force applied by the clutch spring I81 to the hub of the friction finger being adjustable by means of a screw I39 (Fig. 12), so that the friction finger I95 and the plate 19 may assume various angular positions with respect to each other. As the pickup arm 6! moves over the record and the plate 19 is moved in a counter-clockwise direction, it carries with it the friction finger I85, also in a counter-clockwise direction, until the free end of the finger I85 engages a pin I9I which extends through a cycle initiating pawl I93 pivoted to the underside of the plate II and restrained against free movement by a suitable Before next ll leaf spring (not shown);

of the actuating lever SE, a shoulder I95 on the pawl I99 being adapted to abut against a fixed pm 597i on the plate I to limit counter-clockwise rotation of the pawl I99. The pawl 39 is also formed with a forwardly extending arm I99 which terminates in a pair of angularly disposed faces that meet to form aknife edge.

Cooperating with the pawl I93 is a tripping member ZOI pivoted on the upper face of the gear pawl I99 on the right or the left thereof, as viewed in Fig. 1.

" When the free end of the friction finger I engages the pin I9-I of the pawl I93, it imparts a clook-wise rotation to the cycle initiating pawl [93 tending to bring its knife edge into line with the knife edge of the tripping member 29! as the tripping member rotates with the continu- The pin I95 extends down into the path of movement of the arm 31b ously. rotating gear I'l. During the time that the V needle is in engagement with the sound groove of a record, its forward advance across the record 2 at each revolution thereof is so slight that the pickup arm BI causes the plate I9 and the friction finger I to advance the pawl I93 a dis tance insufficient to dispose the right-hand face of its knife edge (as viewed in Fig. 1) in the path ot the knife edge of the tripping member 29L Thelatter knife edge will, therefore, pass to the left ofthe knife edge of the pawl I93 and the outer face ofthe trip 295 will engage the adjacent face of! the arm I99 to cam the pawl I93 back slightly in a counterclockwise direction, this beirig permitted by the plate I9since it is only frictionally coupled to the finger I95. Thus, the anglebetween the plate 79. and the friction finger I is gradually reduced.

I'he foregoing action takes place continuously until the needle 95 enters the terminal groove of thegrecord, whereupon the pickup arm is advanced greater distance in one revolution of the record than while the needle was in engagement with. the sound. groove. The pawl I93 is, therefore, alsoiadvanced a, greater distance than norm'ally'and, in fact, is advanced to a point where theknife edgeof the tripping member 29I passes to the right of the knife edge on the pawl 399 W'hen onithe next revolution of the gear I i. this occurs, a furtherquick and somewhat sudden clockwise rotation is imparted to the pawl I93.- whereupon the downwardly extending portionof. its pin I9! will engagethe lever arm 3H) to rotate the actuating lever 3| in an initial 'countereclockwise direction to initiate a cycle "of. automatic operations. As a result of this initial counter-clockwise movement of the lever 3i,

it is movedin a. clockwise direction by the plate 19 in responseto actuation of the latter by the as; above described.

' propriate manner.

arm 31d of the actuating lever. Bivotally mount edon a post 299 on the plate II is a trip regu- I lating' plate 2 II having aslot 2I3- therein for the reception of a pin 21-5 on'the plate-l9. As the plate I9 turns clockwisein response to thelever arm 3Id, the pin 2I5f 'forces the plate 2 II around in a-counter-clockwise direction to bring the edge 2|! thereof against a pin 2 I9 on the friction finger I 85. The friction finger I85 thus becomes locked against movement in either direction. When the plate I9is later returned in a counterclockwise direction, its pin 2! 5, acting in the slot 293, rotates the regulating plate 2!! ma clockwise direction until its edge 2!! is moved away 7 from the pin 2 I9. "Thereupon, the friction finger moves withv the plate I9, having been preset to the required relation therewith. Continued movement of the pickup arm over the record subsequently brings the friction finger into engagement with the pin I9I of the pawl I93 and the previously described action takes place.

However, the pawl I93 must first also be reset, and this is accomplished by engagement of the arm am of the actuating lever with a pin 22I on, the pawl I93 to rotate the latter in a counter: clockwise direction as the actuating lever 3| goes through the first half of the cycle.

Pivotally. mounted one post 223 .on the plate H is an index plate 2.2-5 which has an upstanding pin. 22?, constituting a handle by which the index plate may be manipulated and which extends through an arcuate slot 229 in the plate H. By means of the index plate 225, the machine may be set (1) toautomatically play either 10" records alone or1'0" and 12" records mixed indiscriminately, (2) to automatically play 12" records alone, (3) to play one record at a time,

anysize up to 12", manually, or (4,); to reject any record without having to wait for it to be played. For this purpose, the index plate 225 is provided With'three notches 29!, 2'33, and 235 and with a cam. edge-2,3], a coil spring 239 which has one endfixed to the pivot post 223-and its other end one or the other of the notches, 23I, 233 or 235. lVhen the index plate 225 is set in the position marked;Mixed, as shown in Fig. 1, the pin-24I is; engaged in the notch 235, and apin 245 on the index plate 225 is in-aposition such that it is spaced from'the toe 91a of the lever 81. This leaves the lever 91 free to act as above described to permit locating the pickup arm'on either ard, 0 a 12 record by engagement of its pin I35 with either the step II9 or the step I2I,

If 10" records alone table, it is obviousthat they will be played autoposition. Similarly, if the records of the stack are mixed, this position of the index plate will likewise permit playing of, the mixed records in apnot berepeated from the beginning. It 'is to inr 7 sure the last record being i'epeated 'from the beginning that the hotch233-is provided, so that wheretherecordsinthe stackare @1112 records, :they will all be played from the"12,' position,

are stacked on the turn- Sinceghowever, the locating ment disclosed are possible.

l3 and the last record will itself be repeated from the very beginning.

When the index lever is moved to the 12 inch position, as shown in Fig. 7, the pin 24! is drawn into the notch 233 by the spring 239 to hold the index plate in this position, and the pin 245 is brought into the path of the toe 81a. Consequently, when the lever 3'! goes through the cycle above described, the toe 87a eventually engages the pin 295 which prevents further clockwise movement of the lever 8'! and automatically sets it to return the pickup to the 12" starting position.

For playing individual records of any diameter up to 12" manually, the index plate 225 is moved to the manual position indicated by the mark M, as shown in Fig. 8. In this position, the pin 26! is drawn into the notch 23! by the spring 239, whereby the plate 225 is releasably locked in the desired position. When the machine is adjusted for manual playing, it is necessary that the trip pawl 693 be rendered inoperative. For this purpose, there is pivoted on the post 209 a lever 299 formed adjacent one end with a cam edge 25! which terminates in an arcuate end 253, the lever 249 being also provided with a hook 255. A coil spring 25'! which has one end fixed to a pin 259 on the plate and its other end secured to the hook 255 constantly biases the lever 249 in a clockwise direction and tends to move it into the position shown in Fig. 8, but it is prevented from doing so normally by a pin 25! on the index plate 225 which, in any other than manual position of the plate 225, is in engagement with the arcuate end 253. When, however, the index plate 225 is moved to the manual position shown in Fig. 8, the clockwise rotation of the index plate 225 carries the pin 26! beyond the end 253 and past the cam edge 25! into the position shown in Fig. 8, whereupon the spring 25'! becomes free to move the lever 249 into the position of Fig. 8. In this position, the finger 249a of the lever 249 engages the pin !9! of the pawl E93 and positively holds it in a position such that the knife edge on the pawl I93 is entirely clear of the knife edge on the tripping member 29!. Hence, the cycle initiating mechanism cannot become effective to initiate a cycle of automatic operations, and the machine will continue to play records one at a time manually, the needle 55 riding in the terminal groove of each record until manually removed therefrom.

For rejecting any record, the index plate 225 may be moved to the position marked R, as

shown in Fig. 9. When moved to this position,

the cam edge 23"! of the index plate acts against the pin 24!, thereby expanding the spring 239,

so that the latter will automatically return the pin 26! into the notch 235 as soon as the handle 221 is released. When the plate 225 is moved manually to the position shown in Fig. 9, a finger 253 extending from the plate 225 is brought into engagement with the pin !9! on the pawl I93 to move the pawl clockwise far enough to bring its knife edge slightly beyond the path of the knife edge on the tripping member 20!. Accordingly, the tripping member 29! will strike the pawl [93 to bring the pin !9! against the lever arm 3H) and thus initiate a cycle of automatic operations in the manner heretofore described.

Although we have shown and described our invention in considerable detail, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that many variations thereof and changes in the particular embodi- We, therefore, de-

sire that the foregoing shall be considered merely as illustrative and not as limiting. We claim as our invention: i 1 In a phonograph, a record magazine for sup porting a stack of records in superposed contacting relation and for releasing said records one at a time which comprises a pair of rotatable posts spaced apart a distance sufiicient to accommodaterecordsof large diameter, a record supporting shelf fixed to each of said posts, said shelves extending toward each other a distance sufficient to accommodate records of small diameter whereby said shelves are adapted to support both small diameter records and records of substantially larger diameter, and a record separator carried by each of said posts in association with its record supporting shelf, each of said separators being spaced from its associated shelf axially along the associated post substantially the thickness of a record and being also spaced circumferentially with respect to its associated shelf and having a knife edge terminating substantially at the adjacent edge of the associated record supporting shelf whereby, upon rotation of said posts in predetermined directions, said shelves are removed from under the lowermost record of the stack while said separators enter between said lowermost record and the next higher record regardless of the diameter thereof to support the remainder of the stack.

2. The invention set forth in claim 1 characterized in that said separators are movably mounted on said posts for slight circumferential movement thereon.

3. The invention set forth in claim 1 characterized in that said separators are adjustably mounted on said posts for adjustment in an axial direction thereon whereby said separators will be accommodated to records of different thicknesses.

4. The invention set forth in claim 1 characterized in that said separators are movably mounted on said posts for movement thereon in both axial and circumferential directions, and characterized by the addition of means for effecting said movements upon engagement of said separators with the edge of a record as said posts are rotated.

5. The invention set forth in claim 1 characterized in that said separators are adjustably mounted on said posts for adjustment thereon in an axial direction, and characterized further by the addition of means for adjusting said separators axially with respect to said shelves whereby to accommodate said separators to relatively thick records, said means extending through said shelves and being so disposed relative thereto as to be engageable only by records of large diameter whereby only large diameter records will actuate said means.

6. The invention set forth in claim 1 characterized in that said separators are adjustably mounted on said posts for adjustment in an axial direction thereon whereby said separators will be accommodated to records of different thicknesses, and characterized further by the addition of two independently operable means for adjusting said separators axially on said posts.

7. The invention set forth in claim 1 characterized in that said separators are adjustably mounted on said posts for adjustment in an axial direction thereon whereby said separator will be accommodated to records of different thicknesses, characterized further by the addition of means for imparting to said, separators relatively slight axialadj ustment with respectto said posts, and characterized still further by the addition of means for imparting to said separators a rel- ,8. The invention set forth in claim 1 characcharacterized still further by the addition of means for imparting to said separators a. relatively great axial adjustment with respect to said posts, said last named means extending through said shelves and being so disposed relative thereto as to be enga'geable only byrecords of large diameter whereby only'large diameter records will actuate said last named means.

9. In an automatic phonograph of the type wherein a plurality of records are supported above the'turntable to besuccessively released onto said turntable, the combination of a control device, an actuating member associated with said control device and arranged to be responsive thereto, a plurality of posts rotatably disposed about said turntable, a record supporting shelf, carried by each of said posts above said turntable, said shelves extending from said posts a distance sufficient to support records of both relatively small and relatively large diameter whereby said records of different diameter may be stacked at random above said turntable, a record separating member adjustably carried on each of said posts and spaced from the associated shelf adistanc'e equal approximately to the thickness of a record, said separating members also extending from said posts a distance sufficient to engage records of both diameters, means on said posts for adjusting said record separating members to records of different thicknesses, and means coupling said' actuating member and said rotatable posts for rotating said posts upon movement of said actuating member in response to said control device to release'a record from said shelves regardless of the diameter thereof.

10. In a phonograph wherein a plurality of records are stacked above a turntable for successive transference to the turntable for repro- Iatively great axial adjustment-with respect to said posts.

duction', a magazine for supporting the record stack which comprises a plurality of movable members, a record supporting shelf on each of said members movable therewith, a record separecord supporting shelf, and cooperatively associatedmeans on said elements and members movshelves.

, rating element in superposed relation to each said 12'. In a phonograph of the type wherein a plurality of records are stacked above the turntable for successive transference t0 the turntable for reproduction, a magazine for supporting the record stack which comprises a plurality of rotat- 16 able posts disposed about said turntable, a rec ord supporting shelf carried by each of said posts and rotatable therewith, and a record separating element movably carried by each of said posts and mounted thereon for movement both axially and circumferentially with respect to its associated shelf; 5 7

13. The invention set forth in claim 12 characterized by the addition of means for limiting the mo ejinent-of said separators relative to their as.- s'oc iated shelves. I I V r 14. The invention set'fo'rtn in claim 12 char acterized by the addition of means carried by said shelves for limiting the relative axial movement betvveensaid separators and their respectively associated shelves.

15. The invention set forth in claim'l2 charaeterized by the addition of means on said posts for limiting the circumferential movement of said separators relative to their respectively associ- V ated shelves: a

16. An escap'ement mechanism for automatic phonographscomprising an upper and lower supporting member connected together for simultaneous movement, the upper member being adapted to enter a stack of records above thelowermost record whereby said lowermost record is released,

. and means effective upon the'movement of the upper'member into alignment with the top surface of the lowermost record. 7 J18, Ina multiple record phonograph including a turntable and a tone arm in coacting relation therewith, means for holding a stack of phonograph records in elevated relation above the turntable, said means comprising a plurality of rotatable upright mountings each carrying a record releasing device including a supporting blade configured to normally underlie and support a stack of records and when rotated to remove the support thus afforded, and an arresting blade in uperposed relation to the supporting blade and configured to normally clear the stack of records and when rotated to enter between the lowermost record of the stack and the next succeeding record, the blades having limited rela t'i've vertical and rotat'ive movement with respect to one another, and cam means associated with said blades efiectivewhen'saidblades are sub- 'j'e'cte'd to relative rotation to elevate thearresting blade with respect to the supporting blade to accommodate records of varying thickness, the

blades being rotatable in unison to release the lowermost record and arrest the remaining recordsin the stack;

BENJAMIN R. CARSON. -K-NUT J. MAGNUSSON. 

